Подготовка к ГИА

Диагностическая работа октябрь 2013 г.
чтение 1 (вариант 1)

Прочитайте тексты и установите соответствие между текстами А–E и заголовками 1–6. Впечатайте свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.

A. The penguin is the only bird that cannot fly but is born to live in the sea. They also walk upright. Most penguins spend half of their lives in the ocean and the other half on the coast. They move very fast under the water and can even dive deep from the surface. All penguins are very skillful at catching fish. When not hungry, they often enjoy playing in the water.

B. Nobody knows for sure why they were called penguins. Some historians say that the word first appeared in the 16th century. According to some researchers, penguin derives from a Latin word that meant fat. Others believe that it has Welsh roots and means white head. Finally, the best-known explanation is that the word penguin comes from an old bird.

C. Penguins originate from the Southern hemisphere. They inhabit icy Antarctica. Most scientists believe there are 17 types of living penguins. They differ in colour, size and voice, and the climate they live in. The largest one is the emperor penguin, more than a meter high when standing. The smallest is the fairy penguin, 41 cm tall. The most angry-looking is the stone penguin; it cries out loudly and behaves aggressively.

D. Penguins live in big colonies. Scientists usually count the pairs of birds and chicks to know their total number. Penguins generally do not migrate great distances. When young birds grow up and become stronger they leave their colonies and may travel thousands of kilometers but they always return to their native land and their chicks hatch out (вылупляться из яйца) in a very harsh climate.

E. Penguins are the most sociable of all birds. They speak with each other individually. It helps partners to recognize each other and the chicks in a large colony. Researchers say that male and female calls are different. Besides, penguins use special signals for making contact at sea, for displaying themselves and for defending their territory - they won’t let a stranger approach closer than three metres.